Based on the provided information, here's a breakdown of the typical topics covered in the 11+ English syllabus:

1. Test Paper Format Understanding: Understanding the format of the exam paper, including whether it's administered by GL or CEM, and being familiar with their respective styles.

2. Multiple-choice Questions: Common in GL tests, where students need to select the correct answer from multiple options provided.

3. Vocabulary Breadth: Emphasised in CEM tests, which may include exercises to test a wide range of vocabulary.

4. Cloze Exercises: A type of exercise where students fill in the blanks in a passage with appropriate words, often testing vocabulary and understanding of context.

5. Spelling, Punctuation, and Grammar: Testing students' proficiency in these fundamental aspects of language.

6. Literacy: Assessing overall literacy skills, which can include comprehension, reading fluency, and interpretation of texts.

7. Comprehension: Reading passages followed by questions to test understanding and interpretation.

8. Creative Writing: Tasks that require students to write creatively, demonstrating their ability to construct narratives, develop characters, and use language effectively.

9. Identification of Literary Skills: Testing knowledge of literary skills and techniques, such as similes, metaphors, and personification.

10. Literacy Reasoning: Questions that require reasoning skills related to language, such as identifying rhyming words, solving anagrams, and arranging sentences logically.

11. Reading Habits and Vocabulary Development: Emphasising the importance of regular reading to enhance vocabulary and comprehension skills, which are crucial for success in the English 11+ exam.

12. Challenges for Non-Native English Speakers: Recognising that families where English is not the first language may face additional challenges due to the heavy focus on literacy skills in the exam.

13. Holistic Preparation Approach: Recommending a comprehensive approach to preparation that includes not only mathematics and reasoning but also vocabulary development through reading and learning activities.

By covering these topics and adopting a holistic approach to preparation, students can better equip themselves for success in the 11 Plus English exam.